Neuroscience has shown that our thoughts, feelings, urges and consciousness depend completely on the physiological activity of the brain.

Judged as of 2002. True: the scientific consensus in neuroscience as of 2002 holds that thoughts, feelings, urges and consciousness depend completely on brain physiology, backed by strong evidence (lesion studies, brain stimulation, pharmacology, imaging) with no credible evidence of mental activity independent of the brain. Mostly true: neuroscience strongly supports the dependence of these mental phenomena on brain activity, but 'completely' is somewhat stronger than the evidence strictly shows (e.g. some mechanisms of consciousness remain unexplained), while the main point holds. Mixed: strong evidence for some of the listed phenomena but substantial open scientific dispute about others (e.g. consciousness). Mostly false: neuroscience shows correlation and partial dependence, but stating it as decisively proven complete dependence is unsupported. False: neuroscientific evidence shows that some of these mental phenomena do not depend on brain activity.

Set before the research began.

1. E1 In search of self - Nature Neuroscience Nature Neuroscience (editorial) · 4 November 2002

   “Although there is no consensus yet, some critical issues are emerging, including the neural basis of perception and decision-making, the origin of our sense of free will”

2. E2 In search of self - Nature Neuroscience Nature Neuroscience (editorial) · 4 November 2002

   “Cognitive neuroscience is of course in its infancy, but there can be no disputing its relevance to understanding our sense of self”

3. E3 The Neuroscience of Consciousness Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy · 9 October 2018

   “Conscious experience in humans depends on brain activity, so neuroscience will contribute to explaining consciousness.”

4. E4 The Neuroscience of Consciousness Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy · 9 October 2018

   “but it is unclear whether these answer the Hard Problem”

E3, an independent reference work, states plainly that conscious experience in humans depends on brain activity, which supports the main point of the claim. But the 2002 Nature Neuroscience editorial (E1, E2) calls cognitive neuroscience "in its infancy" and says there is "no consensus yet" on issues such as the neural basis of perception and the sense of free will. E4 adds that it is unclear whether current neuroscientific accounts answer the Hard Problem. So the evidence backs the brain's role, but "completely" and "most decisively" go somewhat beyond what the science had shown.